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Figure 1 | Frontiers in Zoology

Figure 1

From: Role of histamine as a putative inhibitory transmitter in the honeybee antennal lobe

Figure 1

Influence of histamine on the odor-induced compound responses of the honeybee AL (protocol 1). A: False-color coded spatial activity patterns to the odor 1-nonanol before, during and after histamine application. Histamine was successively applied with increasing concentrations. The AL border is marked with a dotted line, antennal nerve is at the top. The positions of two identified glomeruli are indicated in each frame. The numbers at the top right in each image indicate the time elapsed from the latest treatment change. B: Time traces of the two identified glomeruli, whose positions are marked in A. Odor application is shown by a black bar. A histamine concentration of 50 mM completely abolished the spatial and temporal calcium responses, which were reversible after wash-out. C: Bar chart of the odor-evoked responses averaged over all animals (mean and SEM, n = 7). Only the most-responsive glomeruli were included in the plot. The arrangement of the different bars from left to right reflects the temporal sequence of the experiment. Asterisks give significant differences to the Ringer measurement (***P < 0.001, two-tailed paired t-test, performed on the original data). The histamine effect observed for the animal in A and B was confirmed in each of the 7 animals tested.

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