From: Walking on inclines: how do desert ants monitor slope and step length
Parameter | Leg | α Speed [m/s] mean ± s.d. | β Species [Cf, Fp] mean ± s.d. | γ Head width [mm] mean ± s.d. | δ Inclination [°] mean ± s.d. | ε Intercept mean ± s.d. | log-likelihood |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cycle period [s] | f(3) | -0.2 ± 0.01****(1) | -0.004 ± 0.002t. | 0.002 ± 0.003n.s. | -0.00005 ± 0.00002** | 0.09 ± 0.01**** | 2638 |
 | m(3) | -0.22 ± 0.01**** | -0.005 ± 0.002* | 0.003 ± 0.003n.s. | -0.00007 ± 0.00002*** | 0.92 ± 0.01**** | 2585 |
 | h(3) | -0.23 ± 0.01**** | -0.004 ± 0.002t. | 0.003 ± 0.003n.s. | -0.00006 ± 0.00002*** | 0.09 ± 0.01**** | 2569 |
Frequency (2) [Hz] | f | 54.9 ± 4.6**** | 0.9 ± 0.71n.s. | -0.29 ± 1.07n.s. | 0.013 ± 0.006* | 9.3 ± 2.4*** | -2590 |
 | m | 58 ± 2.9**** | 0.4 ± 0.43n.s. | -1.21 ± 0.65t. | 0.006 ± 0.004n.s. | 10.8 ± 1.5**** | -2365 |
 | h | 56.9 ± 3.4**** | 0.16 ± 0.52n.s. | -1.22 ± 0.78n.s. | 0.006 ± 0.004n.s. | 11 ± 1.8**** | -2446 |
Swing phase [s] | f | -0.051 ± 0.007**** | -0.0024 ± 0.0011* | 0.0027 ± 0.0016t. | -0.00002 ± 0.00001* | 0.033 ± 0.004**** | 3162 |
 | m | -0.043 ± 0.007**** | -0.0003 ± 0.0011n.s. | 0.0038 ± 0.0016* | -0.00003 ± 0.00001** | 0.024 ± 0.004**** | 3235 |
 | h | -0.051 ± 0.008**** | -0.0012 ± 0.0012n.s. | 0.0033 ± 0.0018t. | -0.00002 ± 0.00001t. | 0.032 ± 0.004**** | 3015 |
Stance phase [s] | f | -0.15 ± 0.01**** | -0.0009 ± 0.0015n.s. | -0.0003 ± 0.0022n.s. | -0.00004 ± 0.00001** | 0.056 ± 0.005**** | 2691 |
 | m | -0.18 ± 0.01**** | -0.004 ± 0.0016* | 0.0001 ± 0.0024n.s. | -0.00003 ± 0.00001* | 0.067 ± 0.005**** | 2607 |
 | h | -0.18 ± 0.01**** | -0.0028 ± 0.0017t. | 0.0002 ± 0.0026n.s. | -0.00004 ± 0.00001** | 0.061 ± 0.006**** | 2683 |
Duty Factor [-] | f | -0.73 ± 0.09**** | 0.03 ± 0.013* | -0.015 ± 0.02n.s. | -0.00008 ± 0.00011n.s. | 0.63 ± 0.05**** | 684 |
 | m | -0.75 ± 0.1**** | -0.012 ± 0.015n.s. | -0.035 ± 0.022n.s. | 0.00006 ± 0.00013n.s. | 0.77 ± 0.05**** | 672 |
 | h | -0.95 ± 0.1**** | 0.003 ± 0.015n.s. | -0.012 ± 0.023n.s. | -0.00012 ± 0.00013n.s. | 0.68 ± 0.05**** | 658 |
Within tripod phase shift [-] | R1 | 3.78 ± 0.66**** | 0.39 ± 0.1*** | 0.16 ± 0.15n.s. | 0.0011 ± 0.0009n.s. | 1.9 ± 0.3**** | -1093 |
 | R3 | -0.81 ± 0.66n.s. | -0.07 ± 0.1n.s. | -0.03 ± 0.15n.s. | 0.0001 ± 0.0009n.s. | 3.5 ± 0.3**** | -1072 |
Alternate tripod phase shift [-] | L1 | 1.98 ± 0.45**** | 0.18 ± 0.07** | 0.05 ± 0.1n.s. | -0.0001 ± 0.0006n.s. | -0.4 ± 0.2t. | -686 |
 | R2 | 0.22 ± 0.62n.s. | 0.08 ± 0.09n.s. | 0.05 ± 0.14n.s. | 0.0005 ± 0.0008n.s. | 2.7 ± 0.3**** | -1084 |
 | L3 | -0.96 ± 0.42* | -0.22 ± 0.06*** | -0.11 ± 0.1n.s. | -0.0007 ± 0.0005n.s. | 0.8 ± 0.2*** | -712 |