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Table 1 Diet of Microtus oeconomus

From: Analysing diet of small herbivores: the efficiency of DNA barcoding coupled with high-throughput pyrosequencing for deciphering the composition of complex plant mixtures

season method

summer dna (N = 14)

mic (N = 13)

autumn dna (N = 4)

mic (N = 4)

Anthoxanthum nipponicum

.01 (± .02)

.005 (± .02)

.03 (± .03)

.005 (± .01)

Avenella flexuosa

.01 (± .01)

.01 (± .04)

.04 (± .06)

.02 (± .03)

Bistorta vivipara

.03 (± .10)

.005 (± .02)

.06 (± .08)

0

Chamaepericlymenum suecica

0

0

.01 (± .01)

0

Cirsium heterophyllum

.01 (± .03)

.01 (± .02)

0

0

Deschampsia cespitosa

.02 (± .03)

.02 (± .04)

0

.01 (± .01)

Oxyria digyna

0

.01 (± .02)

0

0

Phleum alpinum

.01 (± .02)

0

.04 (± .04)

0

Poa alpina

0

NA

.005 (± .01)

NA

Rumex acetosa

.37 (± .25)

.002 (± .01)

.18 (± .18)

0

Salix herbaceae

0

.001 (± .01)

0

.005 (± .01)

Solidago virgaurea

0

.002 (± .01)

0

.005 (± .01)

Stellaria nemorum

.003 (± .01)

NA

0

NA

Trientalis europaea

.07 (± .23)

NA

.07 (± .15)

NA

Trollius europeus

0

NA

.02 (± .04)

NA

Viola biflora

.02 (± .04)

NA

.01 (± .02)

NA

genus

    

Anthoxanthum

.01 (± .02)

.005 (± .02)

.03 (± .03)

.005 (± .01)

Avenella

.01 (± .01)

.01 (± .04)

.04 (± .06)

.02 (± .03)

Bistorta

.03 (± .10)

.005 (± .02)

.06 (± .08)

0

Calamagrostis

.05 (± .14)

NA

.02 (± .02)

NA

Cerastium

.04 (± .08)

NA

0

NA

Chamaepericlymenum

0

0

.01 (± .01)

0

Cirsium

.01 (± .03)

.01 (± .02)

0

0

Deschampsia

.02 (± .03)

.02 (± .04)

0

.01 (± .01)

Festuca

.01 (± .02)

.03 (± .07)

.03 (± .04)

.01 (± .01)

Geranium

0

NA

.01 (± .03)

NA

Oxyria

0

.01 (± .02)

0

0

Poa

0

.01 (± .01)

.005 (± .01)

0

Phleum

.01 (± .02)

0

.04 (± .04)

0

Ranunculus

.10 (± .12)

NA

.08 (± .06)

NA

Rumex

.37 (± .25)

.002 (± .01)

.18 (± .18)

0

Salix

.16 (± .15)

.01 (± .03)

.08 (± .12)

.02 (± .03)

Solidago

0

.002 (± .01)

0

.005 (± .01)

Stellaria

.003 (± .01)

NA

0

NA

Trientalis

.07 (± .23)

NA

.07 (± .15)

NA

Trollius

0

NA

.02 (± .04)

NA

Vaccinium

0

0

.10 (± .13)

.005 (± .01)

Viola

.03 (± .06)

0

.01 (± .02)

0

Equisetum

.01 (± .02)

.15 (± .23)

.01 (± .02)

.01 (± .01)

family

    

Apiaceae

.01 (± .04)

NA

0

NA

Asteraceae

.02 (± .04)

.01 (± .03)

.07 (± .13)

.01 (± .01)

Caryophyllaceae

.05 (± .10)

.05 (± .12)

0

.06 (± .08)

Cornaceae

0

0

.01 (± .01)

0

Cyperaceae

0

.01 (± .03)

0

.02 (± .04)

Geraniaceae

0

NA

.01 (± .03)

NA

Ericaceae

0

0

.12 (± .16)

.01 (± .01)

Poaceae

.11 (± .13)

.33 (± .35)

.21 (± .20)

.31 (± .23)

Polygonaceae

.43 (± .29)

.16 (± .17)

.26 (± .13)

.04 (± .08)

Primulaceae

.07 (± .23)

NA

.07 (± .15)

NA

Ranunculaceae

.11 (± .13)

NA

.10 (± .10)

NA

Rosaceae

0

.002 (± .01)

.03 (± .06)

0

Salicaceae

.16 (± .15)

.01 (± .03)

.08 (± .12)

.02 (± .03)

Scrophulariaceae

.001 (± .01)

0

0

0

Violaceae

.03 (± .06)

0

.01 (± .02)

0

Equisetaceae

.01 (± .02)

.15 (± .23)

.01 (± .02)

.01 (± .01)

higher taxonomic levels

    

Eudicots

.88 (± .14)

.47 (± .37)

.78 (± .19)

.54 (± .23)

Monocots

.11 (± .13)

.35 (± .36)

.21 (± .19)

.35 (± .29)

Monilophytes

.01 (± .02)

.15 (± .23)

.01 (± .02)

.01 (± .01)

Euphyllophytes

0

.02 (± .03)

0

.09 (± .13)

Bryophytes

NA

.01 (± .02)

NA

.01 (± .02)

Fungi

NA

0

NA

.01 (± .03)

  1. Proportion of identified food items in the diet of Microtus oeconomus using microhistological (mic) and DNA barcoding (dna) methods, summer and autumn, (mean ± standard deviation). At each taxonomic level, also the proportions from lower levels are included, except for Euphyllophytes where only the items which could not be assigned to a lower taxa are included. NA = Food item not identifiable with the method in question.