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Table 5 Results of two-way ANOVAs

From: Temperature tolerance of different larval stages of the spider crab Hyas araneus exposed to elevated seawater PCO2

Gene

Stage

Day

Heat shock effect

CO 2effect

Interaction

 

F

df

p

F

df

p

F

df

p

Cellular stress/heat shock response

HSP70_1

Zoea I

15

165.2

1

<0.001

3.3

1

0.088

1.8

1

0.198

 

Zoea II

3

104.8

1

<0.001

4.2

1

0.056

12.1

1

0.003

 

Zoea II

15

127.2

1

<0.001

7.4

1

0.017

8.8

1

0.011

 

Megalopa

3

42.8

1

<0.001

0.05

1

0.823

0.4

1

0.535

HSP70_2

Zoea I

15

114.3

1

<0.001

3.2

1

0.091

0.02

1

0.870

 

Zoea II

15

106.5

1

<0.001

10.6

1

0.006

2.9

1

0.108

 

Megalopa

3

136.8

1

<0.001

1.5

1

0.232

2.5

1

0.129

HSP70_3

Zoea I

15

15.6

1

0.001

2.9

1

0.104

0.1

1

0.740

 

Zoea II

3

11.4

1

0.004

0.8

1

0.369

0.009

1

0.922

 

Zoea II

15

43.8

1

<0.001

5.4

1

0.038

2.67

1

0.128

 

Megalopa

3

23.2

1

<0.001

1.8

1

0.192

0.09

1

0.758

HSP70_4

Zoea I

15

29.5

1

<0.001

13.4

1

0.002

0.1

1

0.668

 

Zoea II

3

45.0

1

<0.001

8.7

1

0.009

5.4

1

0.333

 

Zoea II

15

51.5

1

<0.001

6.5

1

0.024

0.1

1

0.674

 

Megalopa

3

30.0

1

<0.001

0.05

1

0.813

4.6

1

0.046

HSP90

Zoea I

15

33.2

1

<0.001

1.2

1

0.282

0.03

1

0.846

 

Zoea II

3

7.7

1

0.015

0.7

1

0.388

3.4

1

0.085

 

Zoea II

15

171.4

1

<0.001

10.1

1

0.007

30.4

1

<0.001

 

Megalopa

3

79.8

1

<0.001

2.6

1

0.123

6.4

1

0.022

HSP26

Zoea I

15

1.2

1

0.283

6.4

1

0.022

0.5

1

0.477

 

Zoea II

15

15.2

1

0.002

1.3

1

0.267

0.2

1

0.660

 

Megalopa

3

3.5

1

0.080

3.6

1

0.074

1.5

1

0.229

HSP60

Zoea I

15

0.6

1

0.430

1.9

1

0.182

0.5

1

0.473

 

Zoea II

3

3.8

1

0.068

0.003

1

0. .955

0.1

1

0.662

 

Zoea II

15

0.5

1

0.491

7.2

1

0.019

0.03

1

0.857

 

Megalopa

3

1.4

1

0.246

2.6

1

0.126

0.3

1

0.537

Acid–base regulation

CA

Zoea I

15

0.1

1

0.746

1.3

1

0.257

0.1

1

0.670

 

Zoea II

3

12.9

1

0.002

6.5

1

0.02

0.8

1

0.383

 

Zoea II

15

6.1

1

0.028

22.8

1

<0.001

11.2

1

0.005

 

Megalopa

3

1.1

1

0.302

6.9

1

0.018

5.0

1

0.039

NaK

Zoea I

15

1.1

1

0.304

1.7

1

0.209

0.2

1

0.628

 

Zoea II

3

49.2

1

<0.001

0.6

1

0.437

0.8

1

0.370

 

Zoea II

15

0.2

1

0.662

5.9

1

0.031

1.3

1

0.272

 

Megalopa

3

2.5

1

0.127

0.1

1

0.737

0.04

1

0.829

NBC

Zoea I

15

0.3

1

0.579

12.8

1

0.003

0.7

1

0.393

 

Zoea II

3

3.7

1

0.074

35.8

1

<0.001

0.06

1

0.800

 

Zoea II

15

6.2

1

0.027

10.3

1

0.007

5.8

1

0.031

 

Megalopa

3

0.7

1

0.403

6.5

1

0.022

3.1

1

0.095

NKCC

Zoea I

15

0.5

1

0.471

5.6

1

0.030

0.1

1

0.670

 

Zoea II

3

0.4

1

0.490

0.003

1

0.955

0.1

1

0.666

 

Zoea II

15

0.002

1

0.963

2.9

1

0.109

0.03

1

0.862

 

Megalopa

3

18.3

1

<0.001

1.0

1

0.333

9.7

1

0.007

Mitochondrial energy metabolism

PDH

Zoea I

15

3.2

1

0.093

0.3

1

0.578

0.3

1

0.582

 

Zoea II

3

9.0

1

0.009

2.5

1

0.134

3.0

1

0.101

 

Zoea II

15

0.07

1

0.794

0.1

1

0.69

0.3

1

0.577

 

Megalopa

3

1.1

1

0.297

14.3

1

0.002

0.6

1

0.438

IDH

Zoea II

3

4.9

1

0.045

2.4

1

0.144

0.03

1

0.862

 

Zoea II

15

1.2

1

0.285

13.8

1

0.002

6.9

1

0.019

 

Megalopa

3

0.01

1

0.915

5.7

1

0.029

2.0

1

0.170

NAD

Zoea I

15

1.4

1

0.247

6.0

1

0.025

0.8

1

0.379

 

Zoea II

3

0.7

1

0.388

9.1

1

0.008

0.003

1

0.953

 

Zoea II

15

6.8

1

0.021

42.9

1

<0.001

11.2

1

0.005

 

Megalopa

3

0.01

1

0.919

6.3

1

0.023

0.9

1

0.348

SDH

Zoea I

15

0.005

1

0.943

6.6

1

0.020

0.7

1

0.388

 

Zoea II

3

14.5

1

0.002

10.7

1

0.005

0.03

1

0.848

 

Zoea II

15

0.3

1

0.565

1.6

1

0.221

1.6

1

0.221

 

Megalopa

3

0.1

1

0.704

0.02

1

0.881

1.2

1

0.276

CCR

Zoea I

15

0.2

1

0.604

2.9

1

0.105

2.2

1

0.155

 

Zoea II

3

1.7

1

0.210

7.2

1

0.016

11.2

1

0.004

 

Zoea II

15

8.6

1

0.011

0.7

1

0.405

1.0

1

0.314

 

Megalopa

3

0.1

1

0.721

6.1

1

0.025

3.4

1

0.082

COX

Zoea I

15

16.7

1

<0.001

6.1

1

0.025

0.3

1

0.589

 

Zoea II

3

32.2

1

<0.001

2.0

1

0.168

13.7

1

0.002

 

Zoea II

15

4.2

1

0.060

11.6

1

0.005

13.6

1

0.003

 

Megalopa

3

15.9

1

0.001

0.4

1

0.491

6.4

1

0.022

atpA

Zoea II

3

5.0

1

0.041

11.9

1

0.003

12.5

1

0.003

 

Zoea II

15

3.4

1

0.088

0.2

1

0.661

2.1

1

0.169

 

Megalopa

3

0.1

1

0.710

0.7

1

0.387

0.5

1

0.454

  1. ANOVAs were conducted to investigate the effects of heat shock and seawater CO2 on the gene expression of Hyas araneus zoea and megalopa larvae (significant differences are indicated by arrows in Tables 2, 3 and 4). Data for the expression of HSP70_2 and HSP26 in the zoea II larvae (day 3) and IDH and atpA in the zoea I larvae (day 15) were excluded as they did not meet the assumptions for a two-way ANOVA. Bold values indicate statistical significance.