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Table 2 Digitization errors associated with each annotation technique.

From: Performance of single and multi-atlas based automated landmarking methods compared to expert annotations in volumetric microCT datasets of mouse mandibles

LMs

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Gold Standard

0.04

0.06

0.04

0.07

0.02

0.05

0.14

0.06

0.06

0.18

0.07

0.1

0.05

0.07

0.04

0.11

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.05

0.01

0.05

0.08

0.08

0.03

0.15

0.03

0.08

0.04

0.08

0.02

0.10

Single Atlas

0.07*

0.10*

0.06*

0.08

0.05*

0.06

0.06a

0.08*

0.08*

0.22

0.07

0.15

0.07

0.09

0.06*

0.12

0.02

0.03

0.02

0.04

0.01

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.13

0.02

0.11

0.04

0.05

0.03

0.07

Improved Atlas

0.06*

0.06

0.07*

0.07

0.04*

0.07*

0.07a

0.05

0.09*

0.19

0.05a

0.16

0.08*

0.08

0.04

0.10

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.03

0.01

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.03

0.1

0.02

0.1

0.02

0.04

0.02

0.06

Multi Atlas

0.04

0.04a

0.05

0.07

0.04*

0.07*

0.06a

0.05

0.06

0.18

0.04a

0.16

0.06

0.07

0.05

0.09

0.02

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.02

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.12

0.03

0.09

0.03

0.04

0.04

0.06

  1. Mean (upper row) and standard deviations (lower row). Units are millimeters. A Paired Mann-Whitney U test was used to test for differences in digitization errors in each automated method with respect to gold standard at p=0.01. * indicates errors greater than the GS landmarks, while a denotes less. This is determined by a U statistic found in the tail. Error distributions indistinguishable from the GS landmark, which means U statistics not found in the tails, are not marked. N = 36 for all groups.