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Table 1 Experimental measures during adolescence and in adulthood

From: Effects of the social environment during adolescence on the development of social behaviour, hormones and morphology in male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata)

  

Age at observation: 61 days

Age at observation: 81 days

Age at observation: 105 days

 

a)

Behaviour/min

Directed from focal male to:

all

per

Directed from focal male to:

all

per

Directed from focal male to:

all

per

  

juv ♀

juv ♂

ad ♀

ad ♂

partners

partner

juv ♀

juv ♂

ad ♀

ad ♂

partners

partner

juv ♀

juv ♂

ad ♀

ad ♂

partners

partner

Juvenile pairs

Social exploration

0.050

   

0.050

0.050

0.010

   

0.010

0.010

0.015

   

0.015

0.015

Preening

0.035

   

0.035

0.035

0.010

   

0.010

0.010

0.035

   

0.035

0.035

Pecking

0.010

   

0.010

0.010

0.025

   

0.025

0.025

0.045

   

0.045

0.045

Beak fighting

0.005

   

0.005

0.005

0.000

   

0.000

0.000

0.010

   

0.010

0.010

Chasing

0.000

   

0.000

0.000

0.000

   

0.000

0.000

0.000

   

0.000

0.000

Juvenile groups

Social exploration

0.042

0.022

  

0.064

0.013

0.039

0.019

  

0.058

0.012

0.042

0.028

  

0.070

0.014

Preening

0.044

0.025

  

0.069

0.014

0.042

0.008

  

0.050

0.010

0.022

0.008

  

0.030

0.006

Pecking

0.014

0.019

  

0.033

0.007

0.031

0.025

  

0.056

0.011

0.047

0.011

  

0.058

0.012

Beak fighting

0.003

0.003

  

0.006

0.001

0.006

0.003

  

0.009

0.002

0.031

0.003

  

0.034

0.007

Chasing

0.000

0.000

  

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

  

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

  

0.000

0.000

Mixed-age groups

Social exploration

0.040

0.020

0.037

0.013

0.110

0.012

0.020

0.010

0.000

0.013

0.043

0.005

0.010

0.007

0.013

0.003

0.033

0.004

Preening

0.027

0.037

0.007

0.007

0.078

0.009

0.063

0.007

0.003

0.000

0.073

0.008

0.010

0.010

0.000

0.000

0.020

0.002

Pecking

0.013

0.007

0.013

0.000

0.033

0.004

0.017

0.010

0.010

0.010

0.047

0.005

0.037

0.007

0.017

0.007

0.068

0.008

Beak fighting

0.007

0.003

0.000

0.010

0.020

0.002

0.000

0.003

0.003

0.000

0.006

0.001

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

Chasing

0.000

0.000

0.003

0.003

0.006

0.001

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.023

0.000

0.023

0.003

b)

Behaviour/min

Directed to focal male from:

all

per

Directed to focal male from:

all

per

Directed to focal male from:

all

per

  

juv ♀

juv ♂

ad ♀

ad ♂

partners

partner

juv ♀

juv ♂

ad ♀

ad ♂

partners

partner

juv ♀

juv ♂

ad ♀

ad ♂

partners

partner

Juvenile pairs

Social exploration

0.085

   

0.085

0.085

0.025

   

0.025

0.025

0.020

   

0.020

0.020

Preening

0.02

   

0.02

0.02

0.005

   

0.005

0.005

0.040

   

0.040

0.040

Pecking

0.01

   

0.01

0.01

0.020

   

0.020

0.020

0.055

   

0.055

0.055

Beak fighting

0.005

   

0.005

0.005

0.010

   

0.010

0.010

0.015

   

0.015

0.015

Chasing

0.000

   

0.000

0.000

0.000

   

0.000

0.000

0.000

   

0.000

0.000

Juvenile groups

Social exploration

0.019

0.047

  

0.066

0.013

0.061

0.014

  

0.074

0.015

0.039

0.042

  

0.081

0.016

Preening

0.039

0.011

  

0.050

0.010

0.047

0.047

  

0.094

0.019

0.044

0.008

  

0.052

0.010

Pecking

0.017

0.008

  

0.025

0.005

0.033

0.039

  

0.072

0.014

0.036

0.014

  

0.050

0.010

Beak fighting

0.014

0.006

  

0.020

0.004

0.000

0.000

  

0.000

0.000

0.011

0.000

  

0.011

0.002

Chasing

0.000

0.000

  

0.000

0.000

0.003

0.000

  

0.003

0.001

0.000

--0.000

  

0.000

0.000

Mixed-age groups

Social exploration

0.050

0.047

0.013

0.003

0.113

0.013

0.060

0.020

0.003

0.000

0.083

0.009

0.037

0.010

0.003

0.000

0.050

0.006

Preening

0.020

0.047

0.007

0.000

0.074

0.008

0.023

0.030

0.000

0.000

0.053

0.006

0.007

0.010

0.003

0.000

0.020

0.002

Pecking

0.000

0.017

0.040

0.013

0.070

0.008

0.030

0.023

0.043

0.013

0.109

0.012

0.027

0.020

0.027

0.003

0.077

0.009

Beak fighting

0.003

0.003

0.000

0.007

0.013

0.001

0.000

0.000

0.003

0.000

0.003

0.001

0.007

0.007

0.003

0.000

0.017

0.002

Chasing

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

  1. Given are the mean age of subjects and the number of subjects tested at each measure. For details see materials and methods. Frequencies of different behaviours towards different interaction partners recorded at each observation during adolescence. Behaviours recorded a) initiated and b) received by focal males were social exploration, preening, pecking, beak fighting and chasing. Interaction partners: juv. ♀: juvenile female; juv. ♂: juvenile male;ad. ♀: adult female; ad. ♂: adult male