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Table 4 Component matrix of the PCA with loadings of each acoustic variable

From: Raven food calls indicate sender’s age and sex

Acoustic Variable

Principal Components

1

2

3

Mean fo

0.99

0.08

− 0.03

Maximum fo

0.97

0.18

0.00

Start fo

0.84

− 0.14

− 0.16

Mid fo

0.97

0.12

0.00

Call duration

0.23

0.87

− 0.03

HNR

0.10

− 0.80

0.36

Jitter

0.04

0.94

0.03

Amplitude modulation

− 0.03

0.14

− 0.70

Amplitude range

− 0.16

− 0.01

0.81

  1. The dimension of the acoustic variables was reduced to three Principal Components (KMO = 0.73). Interpretable factor loadings are indicated in bold