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Table.1 Comparison of studies using the eleven highly lethal genes found in T. castaneum by Ulrich et al. (2015). Key parameters of each study are indicated in the upper part of the table. Mortality rates [%] are shown for each of the eleven lethal genes, either estimated from figures (indicated with ~ before the number) or as stated in the publication. Mortalities of negative controls (GFP, YFP, IMPI) and positive controls (actin, IAP, V-ATPase) are included. Values of ≤ 40% are marked in red, ≥ 80% in blue to highlight inefficient and highly lethal genes, respectively

From: Establishing RNAi for basic research and pest control and identification of the most efficient target genes for pest control: a brief guide

Species

Phaedon cochleariae

Halyomorpha halys

Agrilus planipennis

Euschistus heros

Diabrotica virgifera

Brassicogethes aeneus

Dendroctonus frontalis

Anoplophora glabripennis

Plagiodera versicolora

Publication

Mehlhorn et al. (2021)

Mogilicherla et al. (2018)

Rodrigues et al. (2018)

Castellanos et al. (2019)

Knorr et al. (2018)

Knorr et al. (2018)

Kyre et al. (2019)

Dhandapani et al. (2020)

Zhang et al. (2019)

Xu et al. (2019)

Developmental stage

2nd instar larvae

Adults

2nd instar nymphs

Neonates

Adults

2nd instar nymphs

Neonates

Adults

Adults

4th/5th instar larvae

adults

1st instar

2nd instar larvae

Total no. of tested Genes

9

9

13

5

13

2

16

50

4

4

3

48

18

6

4

Delivery

Injection

Feeding

Injection

Feeding

Feeding

Feeding

Injection

Feeding

Injection

Feeding

Feeding

Injection

Injection

Feeding

Feeding

dsRNA amount

150 ng

0.3 µg/1 µg/ 3 µg per leaf disc

1 µg

20 µg-soaked bean pole, exchanged for 3d

10 µg/µl droplet for 4d

10 µg/µl

27.5 ng/mg body weight

500 ng/cm2 diet overlay

150 nl 250 ng/µl (=37.5ng)

Initial: 5 µl 1 µg/µl, then diet with 500 ng/cm2

10 µg

8 µg

10 µg

? Heat-inactivated bacteria producing dsRNA

8 ng/cm2, non-axenic

Time point

d10

d10

d7

d7

d8

d10

d7 / d14

d9

d14

d14

d10

d15

d15

d7

d7

Cactus

30-Jul

0/0/0

–

–

~43

–

~5/~67

–

–

–

–

0

–

~15

–

srp54k

100

100/100/100

~57

–

~48

–

~45/~98

–

–

–

–

0

–

75

100

rop

100

100/100/100

0

–

~40

–

–

82.8

~90

~90

–

0

–

–

–

α-SNAP

100

91.4/100/100

~43

–

~65

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

–

~60

100

shibire

63

11.4/0/0

~15

–

~80

~33

–

–

–

–

86.6

10

100

~10

?

PP-α

48

34.3/34.3 /45.7

100

~75

~67

–

~70/~96

–

–

–

–

0

–

–

–

inr-a

n.d.

n.d.

–

–

~72

–

~25/~30

51.89

–

–

–

0

–

–

–

hsc70-3

92.7

34.3/57.1/80

0

–

~92

~40

–

47.06

–

–

100

10

–

~38

–

rpn7

100

100/100/100

–

–

~62

–

~57/~95

59.2

–

–

–

0

–

–

–

gawky

n.d.

n.d.

–

–

~68

–

~50/~90

–

–

–

–

40

–

–

–

rpt3

100

100/100/100

–

–

~60

–

–

46.11

–

–

–

0

–

–

–

Negative control

3.7 (GFP)

*/ 2.3 (GFP)

*

*

~35 (GFP)

~10 (GFP)

~12/~18 (GFP)

11 (YFP)

~10 (IMPI)

~35 (IMPI)

~25

0 (GFP)

40 (GFP)

~15 (GFP)

*

Actin

–

–

~43

–

~55

–

~60/~98

–

–

–

–

50

40

82

100

IAP

–

–

~70

~75

~55

–

–

–

–

–

~30

100

100

–

–

V-ATPase (various subunits)

–

–

100

~10

–

–

~55/~85

–

–

–

–

50

20

–

–

  1. *Control was used for mortality calculation; ? Gene was tested in the study, but data were not available yet; - gene was not tested in the study; n.d. not detected