Trait | LSM [95% CI] per diet group (averaged across flight activity groups) | LSM [95% CI] per flight activity group (averaged across diet groups) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Anthocyanin | % difference relative to control | Non-flying | Flying | % difference relative to non-flying | ||
Hct | Haematocrit (%) | 52.40 [50.13–54.67] | 52.21 [49.81–54.62] | ↓ 0.4 | 52.42 [50.01–54.82] | 52.19 [49.93–54.46] | ↓ 0.4 |
Hb* | Haemoglobin content (mg/cm3) | 183.46 [177.12–189.81] | 185.16 [178.44–191.89] | ↑ 0.9 | 183.20 [176.47–189.93] | 185.43 [179.08–191.77] | ↑ 1.2 |
RBCcount | Red blood cell number (106/mm3) | 3.83 [3.64–4.02] | 4.40 [4.20–4.60] | ↑ 15.0 | 4.11 [3.91–4.31] | 4.12 [3.93–4.31] | ↑ 0.3 |
RBCarea | Red blood cell surface area (µm2) | 132.41 [130.41–134.40] | 127.35 [125.24–129.47] | ↓ 3.8 | 129.41 [127.30–131.53] | 130.35 [128.35–132.34] | ↑ 0.7 |
MCH | Mean cell haemoglobin (pg/cell) | 48.30 [46.10–50.50] | 42.24 [39.91–44.58] | ↓ 12.5 | 45.10 [42.76–47.44] | 45.44 [43.24–47.65] | ↑ 0.8 |
MCHC | Mean cell haemoglobin content (mg/mm3) | 35.21 [33.88–36.54] | 35.53 [34.11–36.94] | ↑ 0.9 | 35.02 [33.61–36.44] | 35.71 [34.38–37.04] | ↑ 2.0 |
MCV | Mean cell volume (µm3) | 137.39 [132.33–142.44] | 118.92 [113.57–124.28] | ↓ 13.4 | 128.96 [123.60–134.32] | 127.35 [122.30–132.40] | ↓ 1.2 |
SA:V | Surface-area-to-volume ratio (µm2/µm3) | 0.97 [0.93–1.01] | 1.08 [1.04–1.12] | ↑ 11.2 | 1.01 [0.97–1.05] | 1.03 [0.99–1.07] | ↑ 1.7 |
TSAE | Total surface area of erythrocytes (µm2/µm3) | 253.22 [240.35–266.08] | 280.45 [266.81–294.10] | ↑ 10.8 | 265.29 [251.65–278.94] | 268.38 [255.51–281.25] | ↑ 1.2 |
Hb:TSAE | Haemoglobin-to-TSAE ratio (pg/mm3) | 0.73 [0.70–0.76] | 0.66 [0.63–0.70] | ↓ 9.0 | 0.70 [0.66–0.73] | 0.70 [0.66–0.73] | ↑ 0.2 |
RBCmajor | RBC major axis (µm) | 11.75 [11.56–11.94] | 11.79 [11.59–11.99] | ↑ 0.3 | 11.77 [11.57–11.97] | 11.77 [11.58–11.96] | 0.0 |
RBCminor | RBC minor axis (µm) | 7.17 [7.09–7.26] | 6.94 [6.85–7.03] | ↓ 3.3 | 7.00 [6.91–7.09] | 7.11 [7.03–7.20] | ↑ 1.6 |
RBCar | RBC aspect ratio | 1.64 [1.61–1.68] | 1.70 [1.66–1.74] | ↑ 3.6 | 1.69 [1.65–1.72] | 1.66 [1.62–1.69] | ↓ 1.5 |
RBCcirc | RBC circularity | 0.81 [0.80–0.81] | 0.78 [0.78–0.79] | ↓ 2.7 | 0.79 [0.78–0.80] | 0.80 [0.79–0.81] | ↑ 1.2 |